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al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 1 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new product universal, high efficiency and accuracy led driver converter description t he al1677 is a universal ac - input (85~277 v ac ), high - efficiency and high - accura cy buck led - driver converter. the al1677 topology provides accurate constant current (cc) line and load regulation, operating at boundary conduction mode (bcm) to ease in emi/emc qualification and testing to meet the latest regulatory laws. the al1677 s ystem removes the auxiliary winding and external high - voltage mosfet with few external components to create a low bill of material (bom) cost solution. the al1677 has rich protection features to enhance system safety and reliability. with thermal f ol dback function , the al1677 can reduce output current when the driver s temperature is higher than the setting value. the al1677 is available in so - 8 package . features ? > 90% e fficiency ? valley detection to m inimize s witching l oss ? universal 85 to 277 v ac input range ? internal mosfet up to 500v ? tight current sense tole rance : 3% ? low startup current : 170 a ? low operation current : 100 a (static) ? standard inductor ( n o auxiliary winding) ? internal protections - under v oltage lock o ut (uvlo) - leading - e dge blanking (leb) - cycle - by - cycle o ver c urrent p rotection (ocp) - output o pen /short p rotection (ovp/osp) - open - l oad and reload detection - thermal fold b ack function (tfp) - over - t emperature p rotection ( otp ) ? so - 8 p ackage ? totally lead - free & fully r o hs compliant (notes 1 & 2) ? halogen and antimony free. green device (note 3 ) pin assignments (top view) so - 8 applications ? retrofit led lamps ? high voltage dc - dc led driver ? general pu rpose constant current source note s: 1 . no purposely added lead. f ully eu directive 2002/95/ec (r o hs) & 2011/65/eu (r o hs 2) compliant. 2. see http://www.diodes.com/quality/lead_free.html for more information about diodes incorporateds definitio ns of hal ogen - and antimony - free, "green" and lead - f ree . 3. halogen - and antimony - free "green products are defined as those which contain <900ppm bromine, <900ppm chlorine (<1500ppm total br + cl) and <1000ppm antimony compounds. g n d r o v p n c v c c d d c s c s 1 2 3 4 8 6 5 7
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 2 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new product ty pical applications circuit pin description s pin number p in name function 1 gnd ground 2 rovp s etting the o pen v oltage of the o utput 3 nc no c onnect ion 4 v cc p ower s upply f or the d evice 5 ,6 d i nternal h igh v oltage m osfet s d rain 7 ,8 cs current s ensing functional block diagram o u t + v c c c s g n d u 1 a l 1 6 7 7 c 3 r 1 a c i n p u t f 1 d b 1 c 1 r o v p n c r 2 c s d c 2 d 1 l 1 r 4 r 5 r 3 d 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 v c c m a n a g e m e n t f a u l t m a n a g e m e n t v c c c l a m p o s p o v p s t o p l e b c o n s t a n t c u r r e n t c o n t r o l m a x t o n l i m i t s t o p r s q t o f f d e t e c t i o n ( z c d ) o v p o v p v c c c s g n d r o v p 2 5 , 6 4 7 , 8 1 n c 3 d v o v p _ r e f t o f f o s p t o f f v o v p _ r e f v r e f o t p u v l o o f f
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 3 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new product absolute maximum ratings (@ t a = + 25c, unless otherwise specified . ) ( note 4 ) symbol parameter rating unit vcc power supply voltage 18 v v d voltage on d p in al1677 - 05bs - 13 500 v al1677 - 08bs - 13 500 v al1677 - 10bs - 13 500 v al1677 - 20bs - 13 500 v i d continu ous drain current t c = + 25 c al1677 - 05bs - 13 0.5 a al1677 - 08bs - 13 0.8 a al1677 - 10bs - 13 1.0 a al1677 - 20bs - 13 2.0 a v cs voltage on cs p in - 0.3 to 7 v v rovp voltage on r ovp p in - 0.3 to 7 v t j operating junction temperature - 40 to + 150 c t stg storage temperature - 65 to + 150 c t lead lead temperature (soldering, 10 sec onds ) + 26 0 c p d power dissipati on an d thermal characteristics ( t a = + 50 c ) 0. 65 w ? ja thermal resistance ( junction to ambient ) 190 c/w - esd ( human body model ) 2 , 000 v esd ( machine model) 2 00 v note : 4. stresses greater than those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. these are str ess ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating condi tions is not implied. exposure to absolute max imum ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. recommended operating conditions symbol parameter min max unit t a (note 5) ambient temperature - 40 + 105 c note : 5 . the device can operate normally at + 125 c ambient temperatur e under the condition that the junction temperature is less than + 150 c .
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 4 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new product electrical characteristics (@ t a = + 25c, unless otherwise specified .) symbol parameter conditions min typ max unit uvlo section v th (st) start up threshold C C 14.5 C v v opr(min) minimal operating voltage after turn on C 8 .5 C v vcc _clamp vcc c lamp v oltage C C 16.2 C v standby current section i st start - u p current v cc = v th (st) - 0.5v, before s tart u p C 170 C a i cc (opr) operating current s tatic C 1 00 C a internal high v oltage mosfet r ds(on) drain - source o n - state resistance al1677 - 05bs - 13 C 24 26 ? al1677 - 08bs - 13 C 16 20 al1677 - 10bs - 13 C 10 12 al1677 - 20bs - 13 C 5.4 6 i ds continuous drain - source current al1677 - 05bs - 13 C C 0.5 a al1677 - 08bs - 13 C C 0.8 al1677 - 10bs - 13 C C 1.0 al1677 - 20bs - 13 C C 2.0 v ds drain - s ource voltage al1677 - 05bs - 13 500 C C v al1677 - 08bs - 13 500 C C al1677 - 10bs - 13 500 C C al1677 - 20bs - 13 500 C C i dss drain - s ource l eakage c urrent al1677 - 05bs - 13 C C 1 a al1677 - 08bs - 13 C C 1 al1677 - 10bs - 13 C C 1 al1677 - 20bs - 13 C C 1 r ovp s ection v r ovp r eference voltage of r ovp pin C C 0. 5 C v current sense section v cs - ref c urrent s ense r eference C 0. 3 88 0. 400 0. 4 12 v t on_min minimum t on C 4 00 C 7 00 ns t on_max m aximum t on C C 35 C s t off _ max maximum t off C C 200 C s t off _ min minimum t off (note 6 ) C C 6 C s t herm al f oldback and over - temperature protection section t reg overheating temperature regulation (note s 6 & 8 ) C C + 1 4 0 C c C shutdown temperature (note s 6 & 7 & 8 ) C C + 1 7 0 C c note s : 6 . these parameters, although guaranteed by design, are not 100% tested in production. 7. t he device will latch when otp happen and the device w on t operate constantly at this temperatu r e . 8. th is regulation temperature is junction temperature.
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 5 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new produc t performance characteristics (note 9 ) start - up voltage v s. ambient temperature start - up current v s . ambient temperature minimal operating voltage v s. ambient temperature operating current v s . ambient temperature v cs r eference vs. ambient temperature v rovp r eference vs. ambient temperature -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 operating current ( ? a) ambient temperature ( o c) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 12.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 start-up voltage (v) ambient temperature ( o c) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 minimal operating voltage (v) ambient temperature ( o c) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 v cs reference (v) ambient temperature ( o c) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 v rovp reference (v) ambient temperature ( o c) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 start-up current ( ? a) ambient temperature ( o c)
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 6 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new produc t performance characteristics ( c ont inued ) (note 9 ) vcc c lamp v oltage vs. ambient temperature v cs reference vs. am bient temperature note : 9. these electr ical characteristics are tested under dc condition. the ambient temperature is equal to the junction temperature of the devic e. -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 10 12 14 16 18 20 vcc clamp voltage (v) ambient temperature ( o c) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 vcs reference (v) ambient temperature ( o c)
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 7 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new produc t application information convertor operation the al1677 is designed for single - inductance buck application and is an extremely low bom cost solution widely used in non - isolate d situation s . the al1677 operates a t boundary conduct ion mode (bcm) which can get good emi performance. t he device internal l y integrates a 500v high - voltage mosfet . the al1677 adopts a novel method to detect the t off time and achieve an extremely low operation current, so the device does not need the auxil iary winding for v cc supply and detect ing the t off time. i t also has good constant current control which can guarantee the system current accuracy. figure 1 typical application circuit start - up and s upply volt age before start - up, the vcc capacitor c2 is charged by the startup resistors (r1, r2) from the high voltage mains. w hen the start - up voltage is reached, the al167 7 starts switching. d uring normal operation , the vcc supply is provide d by s tart - up resister s ( r1, r2 ) and internal source driver circuit. t he al167 7 has an internal vcc clamp voltage (typical 1 6.2 v), which is limited by one internal active z ener diode . when vcc voltage drops to below the under voltage lockout (uvlo), switching is stop, the ic ca n restart when the voltage on vcc pin is exceeding the startup voltage ( v th (st) ). protections under v oltage lockout (uvlo) when the voltage on the vcc pin drops to below v opr(min) , the ic stops switching . t he ic can restart when the voltage on vcc is exc eeds the startup voltage (v th(st) ) leading - edge blanking (leb) to prevent false detection of the peak current of the inductor, a blanking time following switch - on is designed. when the internal switch turns on, a short current spike can occur because of th e capacitive discharge of the voltage over the drain and source. i t is disregarded during the leb time ( t on_min ). cycle - by - cycle over c urrent protection (ocp) the al16 77 has a built - in peak current detector. i t triggers when the voltage on cs pin reaches the peak level v cs_clamp . t he r5 is connected to the cs pin to sense the current of the inductor. t he maximum peak current (i peak(max ))of the inductor can be calculated as below: t he detection circuit is activated after the leb time. w hen the detection circuit sense the cs voltage is higher than 0.4v, the ic will turn off the switching to limit the output current. i t automatically provides protection for the maximum led current during operation. a propagation delay exists between over current detection and actual source - switch off, so the actual peak current is a little higher than the ocp level set by the r5. o utput - short protection (osp) w hen led is short ed , the device can not detect the t off time, and the device control s the system op eration at 5khz low frequency. o u t + v c c c s g n d u 1 a l 1 6 7 7 c 3 r 1 a c i n p u t f 1 d b 1 c 1 r o v p n c r 2 c s d c 2 d 1 l 1 r 4 r 5 r 3 d 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 _ ref 5 cs peak v i r ?
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 8 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new produc t application information ( c ont inued ) output open protection (ovp) al1677 has output open - voltage protection controlled when the led is open, which can prevent the output voltage from increas ing to a very high value . this fea ture can help the system designer select a smaller volume capacitor. t he output voltage is set by the external resistor r 3, shown in figure 1. w hen led is open, the t off time can be calculated as : w here v ovp is the output open voltag e , the output voltage is set by r 3 , and r 3 is : w here v r ovp_ref is the internal r ovp pin 0.5 v s reference , c ref is the internal 6 p f capacitor . thermal foldback protection (tfp) al167 7 has a thermal foldback function and adopts a sel f - adaptive control method , which can prevent the system from breaking down due to high temperature s . t he overheating temperature is set at + 14 0 c typical . w hen the junction temperature of the ic is higher than +14 0 c typical, the device will lin early decrease the internal reference voltage to decrease the output current . as a result of this feature , the device can control the system s output power at high ambient temperature s , to control the quantity of heat of the system. this enhances t he safet y of the system at high temperature s . the the rmal foldback waveform is shown below: figure 2 . thermal foldback waveform over - temperature protection (otp) the al16 7 7 ha s otp protection function . w hen the junction temperature r each to + 1 7 0 c typical , the ic will trigger an over - temperature protection condition which causes the device to shut down and latch ed . once otp has triggered , the system will resume after the system s ac source supply has been reset and power up . design p a rameters setting the c urrent s ense r esistor r 5 t he al1677 uses peak current control method to obtain constant current control and senses the peak current of the inductance cycle by cycle . t he sample value is compared with the internal 0.4v reference . w hen the sampl ing value is up to 0.4v , the ic control of the internal mosfet will turn off. t he peak current of the inductance is : 5 r 1 _ ? ? ? ovp ref cs off v v l t 5 12 1 12 3 _ r _ _ r v c l v v c t v r ovp ref ref ovp ref cs ref off ref rovp ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1 0 0 % 5 0 % j u n c t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e / c t f o l d = 1 4 0 o u t p u t c u r r e n t o t p
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 9 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new produc t application information ( c ont inued ) where , v cs_ref i s the reference of the current sense, and the typical value is 0.4 v. r5 is the current sense resistor. i n no pf buck topology, the system operates at boundary conduct mode . the output current is : therefore , the current sense resistor r 5 is determined: i nductance selection ( l 1) t he al1677 controls the system operat ing at boundary conduction mode, and t he system s operating frequency do es not keep constan t because of the fluctuation of the bus voltage . s et t he minimum switching frequency f min at the maximum bus voltage , a nd the buck inductance value l 1 can be calculated by: where , v o is the output voltage . v in_rms is the rms val ue of the input voltage . a ccording to the f araday s l aw of i nductio n, the winding number of the inductance can be calculated by: where , a e is the core effective area . b m is the maximum magnetic flux density . t he al1677 has desi gned the minimum t on time and maximum t on time . t he t on _ min is about 700ns and the t on _ max time is about 35 s. i n buck topo logy we can get the equation v i n _ rms - v o =l * i peak /t on . i f the induc tance is very small, leading the t on to become small er , when the system s t on is smaller than t on _ min , the device can not detect the peak current of the system , leading to incorrect output current. i f the inductance is very large, leading t on to become l arger when the system s t on is l arger than the t on _ max , the system s output current will decrease because of the limit of the t on _ max . therefore, t he suitable value of the inductance is very important. the al1677 t off _ min time is about 6 s and t off _ max time is about 20 0 s. i n buck topology we use the equat ion v o =l* i peak /t off . if the inductance is very small, leading the t off to become much small er when the system s t off is smaller than t off _min , the system will enter dcm mode, and the output current will be incorrect . i f the inductance is very la rge, leading t off to become much l arger when the system s t off is l arger than the t off_max , the system will enter cc m mode, and the output current will also be incorrect . therefore, the suitable value of the inductance is very important. c onsider these parameters, two example s of the typical application inductance is recommended as below: s ystem s pec . i nductan ce v alue s ystem f requency t on m in t off 60v/150ma (185~265v ac ) 2.3mh 60k(230 v ac ) 2.5 s(265 v ac ) 11.5 s 42v/100ma (85~265 v ac ) 2.5mh 62k(230 v ac ) 1.7 s(265 v ac ) 12.1 s 5 _ r v i ref cs peak ? peak mean o i i ? ? 2 1 _ mean o ref cs i v r _ _ 2 1 5 ? ? min _ _ _ 2 5 ) 2 ( 1 f v v v r v v l rms in ref cs o o rms in ? ? ? ? ? ? 5 1 1 _ 1 r b a v l b a i l n m e ref cs m e peak l ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 10 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new produc t application information ( c ont inued ) recommended a pplications the al 1677 integrates different mosfet s to adapt different wattage applications . t he output current is limited by the internal integrated mosfet , and the so - 8 package s heat dissipation capability. t he minimum output voltage is limited by the leb time, and is recommended to 15v. t he recommended application is given below: d evice o utput p ower coverage maximum o utput current (n ote 10 ) minimum output voltage al1677 - 05bs - 13 1 n ote: 10 . the higher output current is possible with extra power dissipation solution.
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 11 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new produc t ordering information part number package c ode package 13 tape and reel quantity part number suffix al1677 - 05bs - 13 s s o - 8 4 , 000 /tape & reel - 13 al1677 - 08bs - 13 s s o - 8 4 , 000 /tape & reel - 13 al1677 - 10bs - 13 s s o - 8 4 , 000 /tape & reel - 13 al1677 - 20bs - 13 s s o - 8 4 , 000 /tape & reel - 13 mark ing informatio n 0 8 : 0 . 8 a a l 1 6 7 7 C C m o s f e t v o l t a g e c u r r e n t o p t i o n b : 5 0 0 v s : s o - 8 p a c k a g e p a c k i n g 1 3 : 1 3 " t a p e & r e e l 1 0 : 1 . 0 a 2 0 : 2 . 0 a 0 5 : 0 . 5 a 1 6 7 7 - z z z ( t o p v i e w ) y y w w x x p a r t n u m b e r 1 6 7 7 - 0 5 b f o r 0 . 5 a / 5 0 0 v 1 6 7 7 - 0 8 b f o r 0 . 8 a / 5 0 0 v 1 6 7 7 - 1 0 b f o r 1 . 0 a / 5 0 0 v 1 6 7 7 - 2 0 b f o r 2 . 0 a / 5 0 0 v l o g o w w : w e e k : 0 1 ~ 5 2 ; 5 2 y y : y e a r : 1 5 , 1 6 , 1 7 ~ x x : i n t e r n a l c o d e 8 7 6 5 1 2 3 4 r e p r e s e n t s 5 2 a n d 5 3 w e e k
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 12 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new produc t package outline dimensions (all d imensions in mm (inch) . ) please see ap02002 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap0200 2 .pdf for the latest version. suggested pad layout pleas e see ap02001 at http://www.diodes.com/datasheets/ap0200 1 .pdf for the latest version so - 8 dim min max a - 1.75 a1 0.10 0.20 a2 1.30 1.50 a3 0.15 0.25 b 0.3 0.5 d 4.85 4.95 e 5.90 6.10 e1 3.85 3.95 e 1.27 typ h - 0.35 l 0.62 0.82 ? ? dimensions value (in mm) x 0.60 y 1. 55 c1 5.4 c2 1.27 gauge plane seating plane detail a detail a e e1 h l d e b a2 a1 a 45 7 ~ 9 a3 0 . 2 5 4 x c1 c2 y
al1677 document number: ds 37526 rev. 1 - 2 13 of 13 www.diodes.com november 2015 ? diodes incorporated al 1677 new produc t important notice diodes incorporated makes no warranty of any kind, express or implied, with regards to this document, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose (and their equivalents under the laws of any jurisdiction). diodes incorporated and its subsidiaries reserve the right to make modifications, enhancements, improvements, corrections or other changes without further notice to thi s document and any product described herein. diodes incorporated does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this document or any product described herein; neither does diodes incorporated convey any license unde r its patent or t rademark rights, nor the rights of others. any customer or user of this document or products described herein in such applic ations shall assume all risks of such use and will agree to hold diodes incorporated and all the companies whose products are repre sented on diodes incorporated website, harmless against all damages. diodes incorporated does not warrant or accept any liability whatsoever in respect of any products purchased through unauthor ized sales channel. should customers purchase or use diodes incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, customers shall indemnify and hold diodes incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising ou t of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. products described herein may be covered by one or more united states, international or foreign patents pending. product names and markings noted herein ma y also be covered by one or more united states, international or foreign trademarks. this document is written in english but may be translated into multiple languages for reference. only the english version of this document is the final and determinative format released by diodes incorporated. life support diodes incorporated products are specifically not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or system s without the express written approval of the chief executive of ficer of diodes incorporated. as used herein: a. life support devices or systems are devices or systems which: 1. are intended to implant into the body, or 2. support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in significant injury to the user. b. a critical component is any component in a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expe cted t o cause the failure of the life support device or to affect its safety or effectiveness. customers represent that they have all necessary expertise in the safety and regulatory ramifications of their life support d evices or systems, and acknowledg e and agree that they are solely responsible for all legal, regulatory and safety - related requirements concerning their products and any use of diodes incorporated products in such safety - critical, life support devices or systems, notwithstanding any devic es - or systems - related information or support that may be provided by diodes incorporated. further, customers must fully indemnify diodes incorpora ted and its representatives against any damages arising out of the use of diodes incorporated products in su ch safety - critical, life support devices or systems. copyright ? 2015 , diodes incorporated www.diodes.com

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